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Born in Astrakhan Government in a physician's family.
Graduated from Moscow University as a lawyer in 1912 and as a zoologist
in 1916, remained at the Museum as an assistant. Prof. I.I. Mesyatsev's
disciple, participated under his patronage in many expeditions,
including those to Baikal Lake. Specialized as invertebrate morphologist,
the polychaets were his favorite group. Participated together with
Kozhevnikov in organization of the Floater Biological Institute
(1920) in which was working in 1921-1930. Also worked in the Research
Institute of Zoology of Moscow University since 1925, and when the
Museum was moved to that Institute in 1930 he acted as its director
for a short time. Initiated organization of Department of Invertebrate
Zoology at Biological Faculty and was its first Chair. Also worked
in the Institute of Oceanology, headed several marine expeditions.
Corresponding member of Acad. Sci. of USSR (1953).
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